FAQs' List

FAQs on general issues

Q: How Do You Handle Language And Communication Barriers?

A: We understand the importance of clear communication, especially for international clients.

Our team is proficient in English and Japanese, and we ensure that all project details, including technical specifications, quotations, and shipping arrangements, are communicated clearly and efficiently.

Q: Can you handle both small and large production runs?

A: Absolutely!

We cater to both small prototype runs and large-scale production with equal precision.

For large volumes, we use automated die-casting machines and optimized production processes to ensure efficiency and consistency. Our team will work with you to establish a production schedule that meets your needs.

Q: What Certifications Do You Hold?

A: We adhere to international quality standards and hold certifications such as ISO 9001 for quality management.

We are also capable of meeting industry-specific certifications, such as IATF 16949 for the automotive sector, depending on customer requirements.

Q: What Are Your Payment Terms?

A: Our standard payment terms are 50% advance payment upon order confirmation and the remaining 50% before shipment.

For large orders or repeat clients, we are open to discussing more flexible payment arrangements.

Q: Can You Meet Specific Testing Requirements (E.G., Pressure Testing, Coating Thickness, Or Corrosion Resistance)?

A: Yes, we can accommodate additional testing and quality control requirements based on your specifications.

Whether it’s pressure testing for airtightness, coating thickness measurement, or resistance to corrosion, we can tailor our testing procedures to meet your needs.

Q: How can I request a quote for customized parts?

A: You can easily request a quote by clicking the Contact Us button.

We’ll be happy to assist you with your needs. See more details on how to collaborate with XDL.

FAQs on CNC Machining

Q: What materials can be used in XDLmachinery’s CNC machining?

A: Our CNC machining supports a variety of materials, including:

  • Metals (e.g., Mild Steel, Low/High Alloy Steel, Stainless Steel, Aluminum Alloy, Brass, Copper)
  • Plastics (e.g., ABS, PA/Nylon, POM, PE, PMMA)
  • Composites (e.g., G10 (Glass Epoxy Laminate), G11, FR4)
  • Other appliable materials 

Q: How accurate is your CNC machining?

A: Our CNC machining offers exceptional precision, with typical tolerances ranging from ±0.001″ (0.025mm) to ±0.0002″ (0.005mm). 

The exact level of precision depends on factors such as the machine, tooling, material, and operator expertise.

Q: What is your lead time for CNC machining?

A: Our lead time for CNC machining varies based on the complexity of the part, material, and production quantity.

  • For prototypes, the lead time can be as quick as a few days.
  • For larger production runs, it can take several weeks to complete the machining process.

Q: Can you handle both small and large production runs?

AAbsolutely!

We cater to both small prototype runs and large-scale production with equal precision.

Q: What are the advantages of CNC machining over traditional machining methods?

A: CNC machining offers several advantages, including:

  • Higher precision and repeatability: CNC machines are controlled by computer programs, ensuring consistent quality.

  • Increased speed and efficiency: CNC machines can work continuously and automate repetitive tasks.

  • Complex geometries: CNC can create intricate designs that would be challenging or impossible with manual methods.

  • Reduced human error: Automation minimizes the risk of mistakes that can occur in manual machining.

Q: What are the main types of CNC machines?

A: Some common types of CNC machines include:

  • CNC Mills: Commonly used for cutting and shaping materials in 3D.

  • CNC Lathes: Commonly used for turning operations, creating cylindrical parts.

  • CNC Routers: Used for larger parts and softer materials like wood and plastics.

  • CNC EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining): Used for precision cutting of hard metals.

Q: Can CNC machines create complex or custom parts?

A: Yes, CNC machining excels in producing complex and custom parts.

With the help of CAD (Computer-Aided Design) and CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) software, CNC machines can create intricate shapes and designs based on precise digital models, making it ideal for prototypes and low-to-medium production runs.

Q: What is the difference between CNC machining and 3D printing?

A: Here is the main difference between the two processes:

  • CNC machining is a subtractive process, meaning material is removed from a solid block to create the desired part.
  • 3D printing, on the other hand, is an additive process, where material is deposited layer by layer.
  • CNC machining typically offers higher precision, better surface finishes, and the ability to work with a broader range of materials, whereas 3D printing is best suited for prototyping and parts with complex geometries.

Q: What is the difference between 3-axis, 4-axis, and 5-axis CNC machining?

A: Here is the main difference:

  • 3-axis: Moves along X, Y, and Z axes. Suitable for simpler parts.

  • 4-axis: Adds rotation around the X-axis (A-axis), allowing for more complex geometries.

  • 5-axis: Adds rotation around the Y-axis (B-axis) or Z-axis (C-axis), enabling highly complex and precise parts.

Q: What is G-code?

A: G-code is the fundamental programming language used in CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machining. It serves as the bridge between a digital design and the physical creation of a part.

  • Definition: G-code (Geometric Code) is a language that instructs CNC machines on how to move, position, and operate their tools.

  • Purpose: It translates CAD (Computer-Aided Design) or CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) designs into machine-readable instructions.

  • Structure: G-code consists of commands (lines of code) that specify actions like tool movement, speed, and depth.

Q: What file formats are used in CNC machining?

A: Common file formats include:

  • STEP or STP (Standard for data exchange)

  • IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification)

  • DXF (Drawing Exchange Format)

  • STL (Stereolithography, often used for 3D printing but can be adapted for CNC)

Q: What is the difference between CNC milling and CNC turning?

A: CNC milling and CNC turning are two core processes in CNC machining, each suited for different types of parts and geometries. The choice between CNC milling and turning depends on the part design and production needs. 

  • CNC milling uses a rotating cutting tool to remove material from a stationary workpiece, making it ideal for creating complex, asymmetrical, or 3D shapes like brackets, molds, and aerospace components. The cutting tool moves along multiple axes (X, Y, Z, and sometimes rotational axes), allowing for versatile operations such as drilling, contouring, and slotting.
  • In contrast, CNC turning rotates the workpiece while a stationary cutting tool removes material, making it perfect for cylindrical or axisymmetric parts like shafts, bolts, and bushings. The tool moves linearly along the X and Z axes, enabling operations such as facing, threading, and grooving.
  • Milling excels at handling intricate geometries and multi-sided machining, while turning is faster and more efficient for producing round or cylindrical components.
  • For highly complex parts, modern mill-turn machines combine both processes, allowing milling and turning operations to be performed in a single setup. This hybrid approach enhances precision and reduces production time, making it a valuable solution for advanced manufacturing needs. 

FAQs on Injection Molding

Q: What types of injection molding processes do you specialize in?

A: We specialize in the following injection molding processes:

  • Special composite materials,
  • High-temperature injection molding,
  • Thermally and electrically conductive materials injection molding,
  • Insert molding.

Q: Can you provide design consultation services, such as CDS(Conceptual Design Services)

A: Yes, we can assist customers by selecting materials, product shapes, thicknesses, and other design aspects based on their needs to enhance their market competitiveness.

Q: Do you provide pre-production analysis services, such as mold flow analysis and DFM?

A: Yes, we offer free mold flow analysis and Design for Manufacturing (DFM) services before mold production.

Q: Do you have experience in manufacturing complex or precision parts, and what measures do you take to ensure accurate injection molding?

A: Absolutely. Please see the following measures:

  1. Material Selection: We choose raw materials that match the physical properties of the product, such as melt flow index, ensuring uniform distribution and stable performance, which effectively reduces dimensional deviation.
  2. Precision Mold Design:
    • We use precise mold design to minimize dimensional deviations and enhance the accuracy of injection-molded parts.
    • Advanced mold manufacturing techniques are employed to improve the precision and stability of the molds.
    • Our molds feature well-designed gating systems for efficient mold filling and uniform cooling systems to ensure the precision and stability of injection-molded parts.
  3. Control of Material Conditions: We strictly control the humidity and temperature of raw materials, ensuring they are used under optimal conditions to reduce the impact of process conditions on dimensional accuracy.
  4. Rigorous Product Control: We have comprehensive and strict product control processes, ensuring representative identification of product characteristics.
  5. Trial Molding: Trial molding is crucial. Stable process conditions must be achieved before mass production can commence.
  6. Regular Mold Maintenance: We conduct regular inspections and maintenance of molds to prevent wear from affecting dimensional accuracy. Timely maintenance and care are essential to ensure stability.

 

Q: What level of precision can your product tolerances guarantee?

A: Our tolerances can be as precise as ±0.05mm, depending primarily on the size of the product and the shrinkage rate of the material used.

Q: What are your capabilities in mold making, including mold design, processing, and maintenance?

A: We can handle mold design, manufacturing, and maintenance. Our typical timelines are as follows:

  • Standard molds: 20-30 days
  • Complex molds: 30-45 days
  • Large, complex molds:45- 60 days

Q: What materials are your molds typically made of?

A: Our molds are typically made of materials such as NAK80, SKD61, and S136.

Q: How do you ensure the quality of your products?

A: From product and mold design to incoming raw material inspection, and throughout the production process inspection and monitoring, we strictly adhere to IATF16949 system standards. Utilizing precision testing equipment and professional inspection techniques, we strive to achieve zero defects in our products.

Q: How do you handle critical dimensions?

A: We ensure the accuracy of critical dimensions through a thorough inspection process:

  • Initial inspection at the start of production.
  • Engineering patrol inspections every 3 hours.
  • 5% sampling inspection before shipment.
  • 100% inspection of critical fit dimensions.

Q: How do you perform first article inspection(FAI)?

A: At the start of production, the first five pieces are discarded. Beginning with the sixth piece, we conduct first article inspection(FAI), typically checking three molds. If the dimensions are within specifications, we proceed with mass production. Inspections are conducted after the parts have completely cooled.

Q: Do you conduct capability studies?

A: Yes, we conduct capability studies and also perform CPK (Process Capability Index) analysis.

Q: Can you handle PPAP?

A: Yes.
We are fully equipped to handle the Production Part Approval Process (PPAP). Here’s how we manage the PPAP process to ensure that our production meets your quality requirements:

  1. Design Records: We maintain detailed records of product designs, including CAD drawings and specifications, ensuring all design criteria are met.
  2. Engineering Change Documentation: Any changes to design or process are thoroughly documented, and their impact is assessed to maintain consistency in production quality.
  3. Customer Engineering Approval: We collaborate closely with our customers to get engineering approval for parts and designs before moving forward with production.
  4. Design FMEA: Our team conducts Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (DFMEA) to identify and mitigate potential risks in the design phase.
  5. Process Flow Diagram: We create detailed process flow diagrams to map out every step of our manufacturing process, ensuring all aspects are covered and controlled.
  6. Process FMEA: We perform Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (PFMEA) to proactively identify and address potential issues in our manufacturing processes.
  7. Control Plan: We develop comprehensive control plans that outline how each process step will be controlled to ensure consistent quality.
  8. Measurement System Analysis (MSA): Our team conducts thorough MSA to confirm the precision and accuracy of our measurement systems.
  9. Dimensional Results: We provide detailed dimensional results, showing that parts meet all specified dimensions and tolerances.
  10. Records of Material/Performance Tests: We keep records of all material and performance tests to verify that our products meet required standards.
  11. Initial Process Studies: We carry out initial process studies, including capability studies (CPK), to ensure our processes can consistently produce quality parts.
  12. Qualified Laboratory Documentation: All tests are conducted in qualified laboratories, and we maintain documentation to support this.
  13. Appearance Approval Report (AAR): If applicable, we submit an AAR to verify that the product meets the customer’s appearance requirements.
  14. Sample Production Parts: We provide sample production parts to the customer for approval before mass production.
  15. Master Sample: A master sample is kept on file for future reference and comparison.
  16. Checking Aids: We document and maintain all checking aids used in the production process to ensure they are properly calibrated and controlled.
  17. PPAP Submission: Finally, we compile all documentation and samples into a PPAP package and submit it to the customer for approval.

By following this rigorous PPAP process, we ensure that our injection-molded parts meet your quality expectations and regulatory requirements. We are committed to providing high-quality products and maintaining transparent and efficient communication throughout the approval process.

Q: What are your quality inspection methods? What quality inspection tools do you use?

A: We employ a variety of quality inspection methods to ensure the highest standards of precision and accuracy in our products. Our major quality inspection tools include:

  • Calipers
  • Optical measuring instruments (vision measuring systems)
  • Height gauges
  • Feeler gauges
  • CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machines)

Q: What types of quality-related documents do you typically provide?

A: The major quality-related documents we typically provide include:

  • Mill Certificate
  • Inspection Report
  • Production Part Approval Process (PPAP)
  • Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts
  • Control plans
  • Process Flow Diagram

These documents ensure transparency and accountability in our quality management processes and help us maintain consistency and reliability in our products.

Q: How do you ensure consistency during the injection molding process, including material preparation, injection, cooling, and demolding?

A: To ensure consistency throughout the injection molding process, we follow these procedures:

  1. Process Standardization: Each production run follows the process parameters outlined in the product’s process standard table. Material preparation is done according to the job instruction sheet, ensuring uniformity.
  2. Material Quality Control: Incoming materials undergo rigorous testing for properties such as density, melt flow index, and impact strength to ensure consistency.
  3. Production Monitoring: We maintain production monitoring records with checks conducted twice daily, ensuring process stability and identifying any deviations promptly. Additionally, mold and auxiliary equipment are checked daily to maintain operational integrity.

These measures collectively ensure that our injection molding process maintains consistency and produces high-quality parts with precision and reliability.

Q: Do you have the capability for secondary processing?

A: Yes, we have the capability for secondary processing, including precision machining and assembly, after injection molding.

Q: How do you address challenges during the injection molding process, such as shrinkage, warping, or defects?

A: We address challenges during the injection molding process, such as shrinkage, warping, or defects, through process optimization and mold adjustments. This may involve process debugging or mold modifications to ensure the production of high-quality parts without defects.

Q: What types of surface treatments do you typically offer?

A: We typically offer surface treatments such as spray painting, electroplating, and others.

Q: What steps have you taken to optimize lead times and reduce production costs without compromising quality?

A: We have implemented automation measures such as automated material feeding and robotic part retrieval to streamline processes and improve efficiency.

Q: Can you handle small batch orders? What is the minimum order quantity typically?

A: During the sampling stage, we provide small batch samples based on customer requirements. For mass production, our preferred minimum order quantity is 1000 pieces. However, this quantity can be adjusted based on specific circumstances.

Q: What is your production capacity?

A: Our annual manufacturing capacity is 6000 tons or more.

FAQs on Iron Casting

Q: Which industries or product categories do you cover?

A: Our business spans various industries, including 

  • machine tools,
  • water pumps,
  • electric motors,
  • shipbuilding,
  • metallurgy,
  • construction machinery,
  • industrial machinery.

Q: What is your annual casting production capacity?
A: 16,000 tons

Q: What is the weight range of cast iron parts you can produce?
A: 4 kg to 10 tons

Q: What is the minimum wall thickness of castings you can produce?
A: 4 mm

Q: What quality management system certifications do you have?
A: ISO 9001:2015

Q: Can you design and manufacture patterns?
A: Yes, we have the capability to design and manufacture molds. Typically, we provide aluminum alloy or wooden patterns. Depending on the actual requirements, we can also produce FRP (fiberglass reinforced plastic) and PVC patterns.

Q: What is the typical lifespan of your molds?
A: The lifespan of our molds varies depending on the specific product. Typically, the lifespan is as follows:

  • Wooden molds: 0.5 to 1 year
  • Aluminum alloy molds: 8 to 10 years or 100,000 to 1,000,000 parts
  • FRP molds: 5 to 10 years
  • PVC molds: 3 years

Q: How long does it typically take to make a mold?
A: Depending on the size and complexity of the product, it typically takes 1 to 3 months.

Q: What are your main casting processes?
A: Our main casting processes are resin sand, lost foam, and shell molding.

Q: What materials and grades can you cast?

A: We can cast the following materials and grades:

  • Gray Iron: HT200, HT250, HT300, HT350, etc.
  • Ductile Iron: QT400, QT450, QT500QT600, QT700, etc.
Q: What surface treatment methods can you provide?

A: We can provide the following surface treatments:

  • Grinding,
  • sandblasting
  • polishing
  • painting, coating
  • or as per customer requirements.

Q: How to develop a general casting process before starting production in a foundry?

A: Before starting production of a product in a foundry, it is essential to “develop the casting process,” which is crucial for ensuring product quality and production efficiency. The process of developing the casting process typically includes the following main steps:

  • Analysis and Optimization of Castings’ Structure and Castability: Analyzing the structure of the casting, evaluating its castability, and making necessary optimizations to reduce casting defects and improve production efficiency.
  • Determination of Casting Process Parameters: This includes determining parameters such as machining allowance, parting line number, and process correction allowances. These parameters are crucial for controlling the dimensional accuracy and quality of the casting.
  • Design of the Gating System: Designing the channels that guide the molten metal into the mold cavity. This has a significant impact on the casting’s quality, so it is necessary to carefully select the type of gating system, the position of the inner gate, and the cross-sectional dimensions of each component.
  • Design of Risers: Properly designing the risers and compensations to offset the shrinkage of the liquid and solidified metal during cooling, ensuring the integrity of the casting.
  • Design of Chills: Using chills to control the solidification process of the casting, improving the internal quality and mechanical properties of the casting.
  • Determination of Pouring Temperature, Pouring Speed, and Pouring Time: These parameters have a direct impact on the casting’s quality and production efficiency, and they need to be precisely controlled based on the casting’s material and structure.
  • Production Preparation: This includes preparing materials for melting, molding and core-making materials, patterns, core boxes, sandboxes, and other process equipment.

Q: What is the general process of iron casting?

A: The general process of iron casting include:

  • Mold Manufacturing
    This process involves creating the mold into which molten metal will be poured. Precision is key to ensure proper dimension and surface quality of the final casting. The mold should be designed to withstand high temperatures and pressure during the casting process, with special attention to avoiding defects like shrinkage or misalignment. The material used for the mold, typically sand or metal, must be chosen based on the casting’s complexity and size.
  • Core Making
    Cores are used to create internal cavities in the casting. This step requires the production of precise core shapes, often using sand mixed with binders. The quality of the core impacts the internal structure and surface finish of the casting. It is essential to ensure the cores are stable during pouring and cooling, and to control the binder content for better core strength and minimal gas generation.
  • Coating and Baking
    The mold and cores are coated with a thin layer of refractory material, which helps to improve surface finish and prevent sand sticking to the casting. Baking the coating at high temperatures hardens it, increasing its strength. The quality of the coating directly affects the surface smoothness of the casting and its resistance to thermal shock.
  • Melting 
    Metal is melted in a furnace to reach the required pouring temperature. The type of furnace (induction, cupola, etc.) and the alloy composition must be carefully controlled to avoid contamination and ensure proper metal fluidity. Melting temperature, alloy mixture, and any additives are critical factors that affect the casting’s properties, such as strength and hardness.
  • Mold Closing 
    After preparing the mold and core, the mold halves are carefully closed together to form the complete casting cavity. Proper alignment is essential to avoid misalignment, which can result in dimensional inaccuracies and defects. Clamping force needs to be evenly distributed to prevent the mold from shifting during pouring.
  • Pouring 
    Molten metal is poured into the mold cavity. The pouring rate, temperature, and technique must be carefully controlled to ensure proper filling of the mold and minimize the risk of defects like cold shuts, porosity, or shrinkage. The pouring system should be designed to direct the metal efficiently to all areas of the mold.
  • Mold Opening
    Once the metal has cooled and solidified, the mold is opened to remove the casting. This step requires careful handling to avoid damaging the casting. Depending on the mold material, this can involve sand shaking or mechanical separation. The quality of mold opening is important for preserving the integrity of the casting surface.
  • Sand Cleaning 
    After the mold is opened, the sand is removed from the casting. This process involves mechanical or manual cleaning techniques to ensure that all sand and debris are removed from the casting’s surface and internal cavities. The cleaner the casting, the better the surface finish, and less post-processing work is needed.
  • Cleaning the Pouring Risers
    After the casting is cleaned, the gating system, risers, and other excess metal are removed. This process ensures that the final casting has a smooth, defect-free surface. It also eliminates any unwanted material that could affect the part’s functionality or aesthetics. Careful handling is essential to avoid damage.
  • Shot Blasting
    Shot blasting is a surface treatment process where small abrasive particles are blasted onto the surface of the casting to remove rust, scale, and any remaining sand, giving it a smoother and more uniform surface. It also improves the mechanical properties of the casting, such as tensile strength and fatigue resistance, by compressing the surface.
  • Machining/Finishing 
    This final step involves any additional machining or polishing required to bring the casting to its final dimensions and surface quality. This may include grinding, polishing, and machining specific features such as holes or threads. The goal is to meet the customer’s specifications in terms of both geometry and surface finish.
  • Painting 
    The casting is coated with protective or decorative paint, which provides corrosion resistance and enhances its appearance. This step is particularly important for castings used in outdoor or harsh environments. The paint must be chosen to suit the casting material and provide long-lasting protection.

Q: How does XDL Machinery ensure the quality of its iron castings?

A: At XDL Machinery, we ensure the quality of our iron castings through a comprehensive quality control system that covers every stage of the manufacturing process. This includes the application of advanced testing methods tailored to the specific requirements of each product. Our quality assurance process involves:

  • Pre-casting Analysis: We conduct detailed furnace analysis, including the use of C&Si analyzers and spectrometers, to ensure that the chemical composition of the molten metal meets the required specifications.
  • Dimensional Inspection: Our castings undergo rigorous dimensional checks using high-precision equipment such as coordinate measuring machines (CMM), calipers, micrometers, and dial indicators. These tools allow us to accurately verify the casting dimensions against customer drawings and specifications.
  • Mechanical Testing: We carry out a range of physical and chemical performance tests to evaluate the mechanical properties of the castings, such as tensile strength, hardness, and impact resistance. This ensures that the castings perform as expected under various conditions.
  • Non-destructive Testing (NDT): We employ various NDT methods, including Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Magnetic Particle Testing (MT), and Penetrant Testing (PT), to detect any internal or surface defects that could affect the performance of the castings.
  • Leakage and Pressure Testing: For castings that require airtight or watertight performance, we conduct air and water tightness tests, as well as pressure tests, to ensure that the products meet the strictest functional requirements.
  • Continuous Monitoring and Documentation: Throughout the entire casting process, we continuously monitor and document every stage, from material selection and furnace conditions to post-casting finishing and final inspection. This ensures full traceability and accountability.

Q: What types of iron can be used in casting?

A: In casting processes, various types of iron are used depending on the required mechanical properties, durability, and application. Here are the main types of iron commonly used in casting:

  • Gray Cast Iron
    Gray cast iron, with its high carbon and silicon content, features carbon in the form of flake graphite, offering excellent castability, machinability, and cost efficiency. It provides good vibration-damping properties and wear resistance, though its toughness is limited. It is widely used for machine tool beds, engine blocks, pump housings, and valve bodies.
  • Ductile Iron (Nodular Iron)
    Ductile iron contains spherical graphite, achieved through magnesium or cerium treatment, combining high strength, toughness, and ductility with the wear resistance and vibration-damping qualities of cast iron. It is commonly applied in high-strength parts such as pipes, automotive components (e.g., crankshafts and connecting rods), gears, and bridge structures.

Q: Are you environmentally responsible?
A: Yes,

  • We prioritize sustainability. Iron is a recyclable material, and we minimize waste during the casting process to reduce our environmental impact.
  • We use specialized equipment to treat harmful gases and dust generated during melting, ensuring compliance with national emission standards.

Q: What are the common casting defects and how do you prevent them?
A: The common casting defects and our methods for preventing them are as follows:

Slag Inclusion: Slag from the molten metal is trapped in the casting, causing defects.
Solution: Prevent slag inclusion by installing ceramic filters in the gating system to effectively filter out slag and impurities before pouring the metal into the mold.

Sand Inclusion: Sand particles from the mold are embedded in the casting, resulting in surface defects.
Solution: Minimize the risk of sand inclusion by ensuring that the mold and core are properly cleaned. When closing the mold, avoid scraping or damaging the sand core. Always clean the gating system and the mold thoroughly before pouring to remove any loose sand or debris.

Porosity: Gas pockets or voids form within the casting due to trapped air or gases.
Solution: To reduce porosity, control the quality of the furnace charge, ensure thorough core baking, and develop a rational gating system. Adjust pouring temperature and venting plans according to the casting’s structure to allow gases to escape.

Shrinkage Cavity: A shrinkage cavity is a large void that forms due to the metal’s contraction during cooling. It typically occurs in the last areas to solidify, often leaving a significant cavity.
Solution: To avoid shrinkage cavities, use the proper chemical composition in the molten metal, control the pouring temperature, and optimize the gating and riser systems. Adequate feeding systems ensure the metal fills the last solidifying areas, preventing voids from forming.

Shrinkage Porosity: Shrinkage porosity refers to small voids that form throughout the casting as a result of the metal shrinking during cooling and solidifying. Unlike shrinkage cavities, the pores are smaller and often scattered inside the casting.
Solution: Prevent shrinkage porosity by adjusting the pouring temperature and using the correct alloy composition to promote uniform solidification. Position risers and feeders properly to ensure the metal has a continuous supply as it cools, preventing void formation.

Looseness: Looseness is a type of internal porosity caused by an irregular solidification process. It leads to weak or porous areas within the casting, reducing its strength and density.
Solution: To reduce looseness, control the pouring temperature and solidification rate. Properly designed gating systems ensure the metal fills the mold uniformly, while using suitable mold materials helps regulate cooling and solidification to prevent porosity.

Cold Shut: Occurs when two streams of molten metal meet but fail to fuse properly, leaving a weak or incomplete spot in the casting.
Solution: Use a rational gating system and adjust pouring temperature based on material and wall thickness requirements to ensure proper fusion of the metal streams.

Lack of Material: Missing material or incomplete sections due to improper mold filling.
Solution: Before casting, check the mold for integrity and ensure no defects. Properly compact the sand and ensure the mold’s strength. Carefully check the core for excess sand or debris before assembly. Ensure a proper pouring speed, and avoid mold damage during boxing, cleaning, or grinding to prevent physical impact to the casting.

Mold Swelling: Mold material swells due to moisture or thermal expansion, which can distort the casting shape.
Solution: Select the correct sand box size according to the casting’s dimensions, choose appropriate steel plate thickness for the box to ensure strength, and compact the sand tightly to maintain mold integrity. After assembling the mold, make sure all fasteners are securely tightened to prevent any expansion.

Sand Burn-On: Sand adheres to the surface of the casting, causing rough texture or surface contamination.
Solution: Ensure cores are compacted properly in areas prone to sand adhesion. Use high-quality refractory materials and apply coatings carefully to ensure even coverage. Ensure the correct coating thickness and avoid over-spraying.

Deformation: Castings may warp or distort due to internal stresses from uneven cooling or improper handling.
Solution: Inspect the mold for deformation before casting. Ensure the mold’s base is fully in contact with the ground, and use wedges to secure it. Strictly control the resin sand curing time, and ensure proper contact with the ground to avoid suspended sections. Follow the recommended box-assembly time for different castings to prevent warping.

Insufficient Pouring: The casting does not receive enough molten metal, leading to incomplete filling.
Solution: Consider the weight of the product when designing the gating system, and select the appropriate pouring temperature and speed. After filling the mold, ensure that additional molten metal is added to compensate for shrinkage and maintain full metal flow to the mold.

Q: What are the typical tolerances for iron castings from XDL?

A: The typical tolerances for iron castings vary depending on the casting method, part size, and precision requirements. Here in XDL, the tolerance range for our iron castings could be from DCTG11 to DCTG13, according to ISO 8062-3 / (the Chinese equivalient is GB/T 6414) .

Below is a table summarizing the description of DCTG11 to DCTG13 as specified in the ISO 8062-3 standard. These grades correspond to dimensional tolerances for castings, representing increasing tolerance ranges for larger deviations from nominal dimensions.

Tolerance grade Descripition Typical application
DCTG11
Lower precision tolerance for larger or less critical components.
Suitable for large structural or functional parts.
DCTG12
Coarse dimensional tolerance, allowing for significant manufacturing variations.
Typically used for heavy or oversized castings with minimal precision requirements.
DCTG13
Very coarse tolerance, accommodating the highest levels of dimensional variation.
Applicable for non-critical components or extremely large castings.
  • How can I get started with XDL Machinery’s Iron Casting Service?
    • Simply Contact Us, and our dedicated team will guide you through the process, discuss your requirements, and provide.

FAQs on Custom Heavy Metal Fabrication

Q: How do you ensure the quality of your metal fabricated parts?

A: We use advanced technologies and follow strict quality control processes to ensure the consistency and durability of every product.

  • Our welding and machining capabilities are tested to meet international standards.
  • We also conduct rigorous inspections, including X-ray, ultrasonic, and magnetic particle testing for welds, as well as dimensional checks using precision tools like 3D coordinate measuring machines (CMM).
  • Additionally, we provide material certification and performance test reports upon request.

Q: What types of materials do you work with?

A: We work with a wide range of materials suitable for heavy-duty metal fabrication, including:

Carbon steels (e.g., ASTM A36, Q345), stainless steels (e.g., 304, 316), high-strength low-alloy steels, and custom alloy materials.

Our experts will help you choose the most suitable material based on your application’s requirements, whether it’s for strength, corrosion resistance, or temperature tolerance.

Q: Can you meet strict delivery deadlines?

AYes, we understand the importance of timely delivery in the manufacturing process.

Our flexible production schedules and efficient logistics system allow us to meet even the most stringent delivery deadlines.

We work closely with our customers to ensure that production and shipping timelines are aligned with their project needs.

For urgent requirements, we can also offer expedited production services.

Q: Do you provide customized metal fabrication solutions?

A: Absolutely.

At XDL Machinery, we specialize in custom metal fabrication. Whether you need specific structural components, molds, brackets, or complex welding assemblies, our team is capable of designing and manufacturing tailored solutions to meet your unique specifications.

We work closely with you to ensure the parts match your technical requirements, including dimensions, materials, and finishes.

Q: What are your capabilities for large-scale production?

A: We have the capacity to handle both small and large-scale production runs.

Our state-of-the-art facilities and skilled workforce enable us to efficiently produce large quantities of high-quality fabricated parts without compromising on precision or finish.

Whether you need a few specialized parts or thousands of standard components, we can scale our production accordingly to meet your demands.

Q: Are your products compliant with international standards and certifications?

A: Yes.

Our products comply with international standards, including ASTM, ISO, and CE certifications, depending on the specific industry and application requirements.

We maintain a robust quality management system to ensure that our parts meet the highest standards of performance, safety, and durability. Certificates for materials and test reports can be provided on request.

Q: What is the minimum order quantity (MOQ) for your metal fabricated parts?

A: Our minimum order quantity depends on the complexity and type of parts being fabricated.

For standard products, the MOQ is typically lower, while for custom or highly specialized parts, the MOQ may be higher.

We are flexible and can work with you to meet your order size requirements while ensuring cost-effectiveness and high-quality production.

FAQs on Custom Metal Fabrication

Q: What is Sheet Metal Fabrication?

ASheet metal fabrication is a manufacturing process that involves shaping and manipulating thin metal sheets into desired parts or structures.

It encompasses a variety of techniques, including cutting, bending, punching, and assembling, to create components used in industries such as automotive, aerospace, construction, and electronics.

The process begins with flat sheets of metal, which are transformed into complex shapes using specialized tools and machinery, such as laser cutters, press brakes, and welding equipment.

In summary, sheet metal fabrication is a vital manufacturing process that combines cutting-edge technology with traditional metalworking techniques to produce functional and durable parts. Its ability to handle a wide range of materials and designs makes it indispensable across various industries, offering a balance of strength, precision, and cost efficiency.

Q: What types of metals are commonly used in sheet metal fabrication?

A: Sheet metal fabrication utilizes a variety of metals, each chosen for its specific properties and suitability for different applications. Here are the most commonly used metals in sheet metal fabrication:

  • Carbon Steel: Known for its strength and durability, carbon steel is widely used in structural components, machinery, and automotive parts.

  • Stainless Steel: Offers excellent corrosion resistance, making it ideal for medical equipment, food processing machinery, and architectural elements.

  • Aluminum
    • Lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and highly malleable, aluminum is a popular choice for aerospace components, automotive parts, and consumer electronics. 
    • Its excellent thermal and electrical conductivity also makes it suitable for heat exchangers and electrical enclosures.
  • Copper 
    • Known for its superior electrical conductivity, copper is often used in electrical components, wiring, and heat exchangers.
    • It also has antimicrobial properties, making it useful in medical and sanitary applications.
  • Brass
    • A copper-zinc alloy, brass is valued for its corrosion resistance, machinability, and aesthetic appeal.

    • Commonly used in decorative fixtures, plumbing components, and musical instruments.

  • BronzeA copper-tin alloy, bronze is durable and resistant to wear, making it suitable for bearings, bushings, and marine applications.

Q: What are the main processes involved in sheet metal fabrication?

A: The main processes include:

  • Cutting: Methods like laser cutting, plasma cutting, water jet cutting, and shearing.
  • Bending: Using a press brake or CNC bending machine to shape the sheet metal into desired angles.
  • Punching: Creating holes or shapes in the sheet metal using a punch press.
  • Welding: Joining two or more metal parts together through processes such as MIG, TIG, or spot welding.
  • Assembly: The final process where fabricated parts are joined, sometimes with additional fasteners or adhesive bonding.

Q: How do I choose the right metal for my sheet metal fabrication project?

A: Selecting the right metal depends on factors such as:

  • Functionality: Will the part be exposed to high temperatures, heavy loads, or harsh environments?
  • Budget: Some metals are more affordable than others, so cost constraints may play a role.
  • Corrosion resistance: For parts exposed to moisture or chemicals, corrosion-resistant metals like stainless steel or aluminum are recommended.
  • Weight considerations: If weight is a concern, lightweight metals like aluminum might be more appropriate.

In fact, it’s unnecessary for you to worry about this, because our technical experts can assist you in selecting the most suitable material based on your requirements.

Q: How is quality control handled in sheet metal fabrication?

A: Quality control is crucial in sheet metal fabrication, and we implement stringent measures throughout the process. This includes:

  • Material Inspection: Ensuring the raw materials meet the required specifications.
  • In-process Monitoring: Continuous monitoring during production to check for any defects or deviations.
  • Final Inspection: Before delivery, each part is checked for dimensions, surface quality, and functionality. Additionally, we offer inspection reports such as material certificates, dimensional reports, and sometimes non-destructive testing (NDT) depending on customer requirements.

Q: Can sheet metal fabrication support small batch production?

A: Yes, we specialize in both small and large batch production.

Sheet metal fabrication is flexible enough to handle custom, low-volume orders, making it ideal for prototyping, experimental runs, or limited production runs.

Small batch production typically allows for faster turnaround times and lower initial setup costs compared to large-scale manufacturing.

Q: Do you offer post-processing services (such as surface treatments or coating)?

A: Yes, we provide a wide range of post-processing services to enhance the appearance and functionality of your metal parts, including:

  • Surface Treatments: Sandblasting, polishing, anodizing, and powder coating to improve aesthetics and protect against corrosion.
  • Coating: Including galvanizing or painting to protect parts from environmental wear.
  • Heat Treatment: Processes like annealing, hardening, and tempering to enhance material properties.
  • Assembly Service: 

    We can also offer assembly services if your project requires combining multiple parts into a final product. 

FAQs on Die Casting

Q: Which industries can benefit from XDL Machinery’s Aluminum Die Casting Service?

A: XDL Machinery serves a diverse range of industries, including electronics, automotive, consumer goods, and more.

Our expertise caters to various sectors with unique aluminum die casting needs.

Q: How does XDL Machinery ensure the quality of its aluminum die castings?

A: We use a combination of advanced quality control methods to ensure product accuracy and durability. This includes:

  • Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) for precise dimensional measurement.
  • Vision Measuring Systems for visual inspections.
  • Spectrometers for alloy composition analysis.
  • Mechanical testing for tensile strength, hardness, and fatigue resistance. We also perform additional tests such as leak testing and coating thickness testing based on customer requirements.

Q: What types of aluminum alloys are used in die casting?

A: Common aluminum alloys used in die casting include:

  • A380(ADC12): The most commonly used alloy in die casting, offering good casting characteristics, strength, and corrosion resistance. It is ideal for automotive and industrial parts.
  • A383(YL113): Similar to A380, but with slightly improved fluidity for better filling of intricate molds.
  • A356: Known for its excellent mechanical properties, often used for structural parts requiring strength and durability.
  • A413(YL102): Typically used for parts that require high levels of corrosion resistance, such as in marine applications. The choice of alloy depends on factors such as the part’s function, desired mechanical properties, and environmental conditions.

Q: Can you provide a quote for custom die casting parts?

A: Absolutely.

We offer highly customizable solutions to meet your specific project requirements, whether it involves complex designs, intricate geometries, or unique finishes. 

Please provide the following information:

  • Part drawings or CAD files.
  • Material specifications.
  • Quantity and volume.
  • Any specific finishing or additional requirements.

We will evaluate these details and provide you with a competitive quote that includes tooling, production costs, and shipping.

Q: What is the pricing structure for die casting?

A: Our pricing for die casting depends on several factors, including:

  • The complexity of the part design.
  • Material used (e.g., aluminum, zinc, magnesium).
  • Order volume (higher volumes generally reduce per-unit cost).
  • Tooling and mold costs.
  • Post-processing and finishing requirements (e.g., anodizing, painting).

We provide competitive pricing while ensuring high-quality standards.

Q: What post-processing options are available for aluminum die cast parts?

A: After aluminum die casting, several post-processing steps may be required, including:

  • Trimming: Removing excess material (flash) from the part.
  • Machining: To achieve tighter tolerances or complex features that cannot be cast.
  • Surface Treatment: Options like anodizing, powder coating, or polishing to enhance the appearance, corrosion resistance, and durability of the part.
  • Heat Treatment: To improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum, such as increasing strength or hardness.

Q: What is your Minimum Order Quantity (MOQ) for die cast parts?

A: Our minimum order quantity depends on the complexity of the part and tooling requirements.

For custom die-cast parts, the MOQ typically starts at 500 to 1,000 pieces, but we can accommodate smaller orders, especially for prototypes or special projects.

Q: What is your main process for mold development?

A: Our mold development process includes the following steps:

  • Design Review: We work with you to review the part design and ensure it’s optimized for die casting.
  • Mold Design: We create a mold design that meets the specifications and manufacturing requirements.
  • Tooling Production: We manufacture the mold using advanced CNC machines and testing before production.
  • Mold Testing: We conduct initial testing to ensure the mold performs as expected before moving into full-scale production.

Q: How can I get started with XDL Machinery’s Aluminum Die Casting Service?

ASimply Contact Us, and our dedicated team will guide you through the process, discuss your requirements, and provide tailored solutions for your projects.

FAQs on quality control

Q: How do you ensure the quality of your products ?

A: We have corresponding quality control programmes for different manufacturing and production processes. 

Let’s take the plastic injection molding for example.

From product and mold design to incoming raw material inspection, and throughout the production process inspection and monitoring, we strictly adhere to IATF16949 system standards.

Utilizing precision testing equipment and professional inspection techniques, we strive to achieve zero defects in our products.

Q: How do you handle critical dimensions?

A: We ensure the accuracy of critical dimensions through a thorough inspection process:

  • Initial inspection at the start of production.
  • Engineering patrol inspections every 3 hours.
  • 5% sampling inspection before shipment.
  • 100% inspection of critical fit dimensions.

Q: What are your quality inspection methods? What quality inspection tools do you use?

A: We employ a variety of quality inspection methods to ensure the highest standards of precision and accuracy in our products.

Our major quality inspection tools include:

  • Calipers
  • Optical measuring instruments (vision measuring systems)
  • Height gauges
  • Feeler gauges
  • CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machines)

Q: What types of quality-related documents do you typically provide?

A: The major quality-related documents we typically provide include:

  • Mill Certificate
  • Inspection Report
  • Production Part Approval Process (PPAP)
  • Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts
  • Control plans
  • Process Flow Diagram

FAQs on shipping and logistics

Q: Do you offer door-to-door service?

AYes, we do offer door-to-door service.

  • This service provides a complete logistics solution, ensuring that your goods are picked up directly from the starting location and delivered to the final destination without any hassle. It covers every aspect of the shipping process, from collection to final delivery.
  • The service begins with pickup from the warehouse, factory, or any other specified location. We coordinate with our local transport team to arrange for the timely collection of your goods. After pickup, the items are transported to the nearest port or airport for international shipment, with the choice of transportation (sea, air, rail, or road) based on your preferences and the nature of the cargo.
  • Once the goods reach the destination country, we handle customs clearance, taking care of all the necessary paperwork such as invoices, packing lists, and certificates to ensure the goods pass through customs smoothly. After clearance, the goods are then delivered to the final destination.
  • There are a few important considerations to keep in mind. The service includes both transportation and delivery costs, but additional charges may apply depending on factors like special handling or oversized cargo. The delivery time will vary based on the destination, chosen shipping method, and customs procedures, and we will provide you with an estimated delivery timeline.
  • Lastly, please ensure that all required documentation for customs clearance is provided to avoid delays. The customer is generally responsible for customs duties and taxes unless agreed otherwise. We can assist in estimating these costs in advance, making the entire process as transparent and smooth as possible.

Q: How Do You Ensure Timely Delivery And Shipping?

A: We have established strong relationships with international shipping partners to ensure that your order arrives on time. We offer:

  • Sea freight, air freight, and land transportation options.
  • Customs handling for international shipments.
  • Tracking services to monitor your order from our factory to your location.

We work with you to meet your delivery deadlines and ensure that products are shipped in optimal conditions.

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